3. Whole organism based assay
We utilized the slow killing assay involving the infection and subsequently killing of C. elegans by Pseudomonas aeruginosa to evaluate the performance of Swietenia macrophylla as an anti-infective agent. Our results demonstrate the ability of Swietenia macrophylla seed ethyl acetate extract in rescuing C. elegans from fatal PA14 infection without exhibiting any bactericidal effect or perturbation of C. elegans feeding rate. We also showed that while infection by P. aeruginosa suppresses the mRNA level of the C. elegans innate immunity lysozyme gene lys-7, treatment with S. macrophylla extract significantly increased lys-7 expression.
(Prof. Dr. Tengku Sifzizul Tengku Muhammad, Komalavali AP Dharmalingam, Tan Boon Khai, Saiedatul Akmal Mohamed Sedek, Prof. Dr. Mohamed Isa Abdul Majid, Muhd Zulkarnain Mahmud)
Dharmalingam, K., Tan, B.K., Mahmud, M.Z., Sedek, S.A., Majid, M.I., Kuah, M.K., Sulaiman, S.F., Ooi, K.L., Khan, N.A., Muhammad, T.S., Tan, M.W., Shu-Chien, A.C., 2012. Swietenia macrophylla extract promotes the ability of Caenorhabditis elegans to survive Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. J Ethnopharmacol 139, 657-663.
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This project investigated the effect of local plant Mitragyna speciosa in zebrafish that undergoing morphine withdrawal phases. We first showed that morphine-withdrawn zebrafish display anxiety-related swimming behaviours, elevated stress hormones level and increased mRNA expression of stress pathway related genes. Exposing morphine-withdrawn fish to M. speciosa's active compound (Mitragynine) have attenuated majority of the stress-related swimming behaviours and concomitantly lower stress hormone level and mRNA expression of stress pathway related genes.
(Khor Beng Siang, Dr. Ilham Adenan, Mohd Fadzly Amar Jamil)
Khor B-S, Amar Jamil MF, Adenan MI, Chong Shu-Chien A (2011) Mitragynine Attenuates Withdrawal Syndrome in Morphine-Withdrawn Zebrafish. PLoSONE 6(12): e28340. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0028340
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